Comparative assessment of ion-exchange/reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis for seawater desalination: environmental, economic, and operational perspectives.
Comparative assessment of ion-exchange/reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis for seawater desalination: environmental, economic, and operational perspectives.
- Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(57), 65220-65232, 2024. .
Artículo
The urgent need for economically viable and environmentally friendly desalination technologies to address global water scarcity is underscored. This study compares ion-exchange reverse osmosis (IX-RO) and ultrafiltration reverse osmosis (UF-RO) systems, examining their environmental impacts, energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and operational stability. The IX-RO system reduced water hardness and ion concentrations by 83%, while the UF-RO system achieved over 99% removal of total dissolved solids. Energy consumption for desalinating 1 m3 of Caspian Sea water was 1.49 kWh for IX-RO and 1.3 kWh for UF-RO. UF-RO’s impact on human health, ecosystems, and resources was 1.62, 3.06, and 3.31 times greater than that of IX-RO, respectively. CO2 emissions were 192 kg CO2/m3 for UF-RO and 81.93 kg CO2/m3 for IX-RO. Over 68% of energy in both systems was from non-renewable resources, suggesting potential for utilizing Iran’s solar and wave energy. The sensitivity analysis showed that citric acid had a significant environmental impact on UF-RO, while magnesium utilization had a notable impact on IX-RO. Water production costs were
DESALINATION
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
REVERSE OSMOSIS
ULTRAILTRATION
COST ANALYSIS
ION EXCHANGE
Artículo
The urgent need for economically viable and environmentally friendly desalination technologies to address global water scarcity is underscored. This study compares ion-exchange reverse osmosis (IX-RO) and ultrafiltration reverse osmosis (UF-RO) systems, examining their environmental impacts, energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and operational stability. The IX-RO system reduced water hardness and ion concentrations by 83%, while the UF-RO system achieved over 99% removal of total dissolved solids. Energy consumption for desalinating 1 m3 of Caspian Sea water was 1.49 kWh for IX-RO and 1.3 kWh for UF-RO. UF-RO’s impact on human health, ecosystems, and resources was 1.62, 3.06, and 3.31 times greater than that of IX-RO, respectively. CO2 emissions were 192 kg CO2/m3 for UF-RO and 81.93 kg CO2/m3 for IX-RO. Over 68% of energy in both systems was from non-renewable resources, suggesting potential for utilizing Iran’s solar and wave energy. The sensitivity analysis showed that citric acid had a significant environmental impact on UF-RO, while magnesium utilization had a notable impact on IX-RO. Water production costs were
DESALINATION
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
REVERSE OSMOSIS
ULTRAILTRATION
COST ANALYSIS
ION EXCHANGE