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090 _aB-16282
245 1 0 _aUrban water reuse: microbial pathogens control by direct filtration and ultraviolet disinfection
490 0 _vJournal of Water and Health, 12(3), p.465-473, 2014
520 3 _aPhysicochemical treatment efficiency for unrestricted urban water reuse was evaluated at a conventional activated-sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Pilot plant set-up consisted of an alum coagulation step, granular media upflow flocculation and direct downflow dual-media filtration followed by ultraviolet disinfection (dose of 95 mJ cm-2). Optimum aluminum sulfate dosage of 10 mg L-1 and coagulation pH 7.0 were preset based on bench scale tests. Under WWTP stable operation, water quality met United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)suggested guidelines for unrestricted urban reuse regarding turbidity (mean value 1.3 NTU)and suspended solids (mean value 2.1 mg L-1). When WWTP overall plant performance dropped from 90 to 80 percent (although BOD value stayed below 6 mg O2 L-1, suggesting unrestricted reuse), solids breakthrough in filtrate was observed. Microorganism removal rates were: total coliforms 60.0 percent, Escherichia coli 63.0 percent, Giardia spp. 81.0 percent, and helminth eggs 62.5 percent; thus organisms still remained in filtrate. Ultraviolet (UV)disinfection efficiency was 4.1- and 3.8-log for total coliforms and E. coli, respectively. Considering low UV efficiency obtained for helminths and the survival of protozoa and helminths in the environment, effluent quality presents risk to public health if destined for unrestricted urban reuse.
650 1 4 _aARTICLE
650 1 4 _aCRYPTOSPORIDIUM
650 1 4 _aDISINFECTION
650 1 4 _aESCHERICHIA COLI
650 1 4 _aFILTRATION
650 1 4 _aFLOCCULATION
650 1 4 _aGIARDIA
650 1 4 _aHELMINTH
650 1 4 _aLIMIT OF QUANTITATION
650 1 4 _aNONHUMAN
650 1 4 _aPATHOGENESIS
650 1 4 _aQUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
650 1 4 _aSUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER
650 1 4 _aTURBIDITY
650 1 4 _aULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION
650 1 4 _aULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION
650 1 4 _aWASTE WATER MANAGEMENT
650 1 4 _aWASTE WATER RECYCLING
650 1 4 _aWATER QUALITY
650 1 4 _aANIMAL
650 1 4 _aARTICLE
650 1 4 _aBACTERIUM
650 1 4 _aBRAZIL
650 1 4 _aCRYPTOSPORIDIUM
650 1 4 _aEQUIPMENT
650 1 4 _aFILTRATION
650 1 4 _aGIARDIA
650 1 4 _aGROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING
650 1 4 _aHELMINTH
650 1 4 _aISOLATION AND PURIFICATION
650 1 4 _aMETHODOLOGY
650 1 4 _aOOCYST
650 1 4 _aOOCYTE
650 1 4 _aPILOT STUDY
650 1 4 _aRADIATION EXPOSURE
650 1 4 _aSTANDARD
650 1 4 _aULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
650 1 4 _aWATER MANAGEMENT
700 1 2 _aDe Lima Isaac, R.
700 1 2 _aDos Santos, L.U.
700 1 2 _aTosetto, M.S.
700 1 2 _aFranco, R.M.B.
700 1 2 _aGuimarĂ£es, J.R.
856 4 0 _uhttps://drive.google.com/file/d/1hRakK2Jx6tBgrLeQX4V6OIuJzY4_86zP/view?usp=drivesdk
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