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090			_aB-19154
245	1	0	_aA novel green one-pot synthesis of biodiesel from Ricinus communis seeds by basic heterogeneous catalysis
490	0		_vJournal of Cleaner Production, 196, p.340-349, 2018
520	3		_aThe production of biofuels from renewable biomass resources is an attractive way to mitigate CO2 emissions and alleviate the shortage of fossil fuels. A novel green one-pot synthesis of biodiesel from Ricinus communis seeds by basic heterogeneous catalysis is reported in this work. The direct transesterification (one-step process)of the seeds with methanol in the presence of homogeneous (HCl and NaOH)or heterogeneous (Na2ZrO3)catalysts was evaluated. Additionally, the comparison of the conventional (two-step process)transesterification against the direct transesterification reaction was analysed. The conventional transesterification of Ricinus communis oil with acidic (HCl/CH3OH, 5 percent v/v)and basic (NaOH/CH3OH, 5 percent w/w)homogeneous catalysts showed conversions of the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)?>?97 percent at 6?h and 3?h, respectively. Moreover, direct transesterification was carried out using a basic Na2ZrO3 catalyst. The maximum FAME yield was 99.99 percent at 4?h of reaction time and 5?wt percent catalyst. Finally, Green Metrics Parameters of biodiesel showed that heterogeneous direct transesterification resulted in a seven times greener synthesis compared to conventional process. This novel heterogeneous one-step process is almost ten times less hazardous than the conventional process and five times less harmful than the homogeneous one-step reaction. No n-hexane is required for oil extraction. Thus, methanol as a reactant and as a solvent increased the greenness of the heterogeneous process, and the resulting biodiesel shows good purity and composition. In addition, no water is required to purify the biodiesel. According to these results, heterogeneous direct transesterification is a promising alternative for more sustainable, cleaner and efficient biodiesel production that is crucial to developing new technologies (by chemo-selectivity).
650	1	4	_aDIRECT TRANSESTERIFICATION
650	1	4	_aFATTY ACID METHYL ESTER
650	1	4	_aRICINUS COMMUNIS SEED
650	1	4	_aHETEROGENEOUS CATALYST
650	1	4	_aHOMOGENEOUS CATALYST
650	1	4	_aGREEN METRIC PARAMETER
700	1	2	_aMartínez, A.
700	1	2	_aMijangos, G. E.
700	1	2	_aRomero-Ibarra, I. C.
700	1	2	_aHernández-Altamirano, R.
700	1	2	_aMena-Cervantes, V. Y.
700	1	2	_aGutiérrez, S.
856	4	0	_uhttps://drive.google.com/file/d/1sC5vjoEy_SMyGNQ7c5-_Ik33Byt6mgVN/view?usp=drivesdk _zPara ver el documento ingresa a Google con tu cuenta: @cicy.edu.mx
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