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245 1 0 _aA critical review on advances and challenges of bioprinted cardiac patches
490 0 _aActa Biomaterialia, 189, p.1-24, 2024
500 _aArtículo
520 3 _aMyocardial infarction (MI), which causes irreversible myocardium necrosis, affects 0.25 billion people globally and has become one of the most significant epidemics of our time. Over the past few years, bioprinting has moved beyond a concept of simply incorporating cells into biomaterials, to strategically defining the microenvironment (e.g., architecture, biomolecular signalling, mechanical stimuli, etc.) within which the cells are printed. Among the different bioprinting applications, myocardial repair is a field that has seen some of the most significant advances towards the management of the repaired tissue microenvironment. This review critically assesses the most recent biomedical innovations being carried out in cardiac patch bioprinting, with specific considerations given to the biomaterial design parameters, growth factors/cytokines, biomechanical and bioelectrical conditioning, as well as innovative biomaterial-based "4D" bioprinting (3D scaffold structure + temporal morphology changes) of myocardial tissues, immunomodulation and sustained delivery systems used in myocardium bioprinting. Key challenges include the ability to generate large quantities of cardiac cells, achieve high-density capillary networks, establish biomaterial designs that are comparable to native cardiac extracellular matrix, and manage the sophisticated systems needed for combining cardiac tissue microenvironmental cues while simultaneously establishing bioprinting technologies yielding both high-speed and precision. This must be achieved while considering quality assurance towards enabling reproducibility and clinical translation. Moreover, this manuscript thoroughly discussed the current clinical translational hurdles and regulatory issues associated with the post-bioprinting evaluation, storage, delivery and implantation of the bioprinted myocardial patches. Overall, this paper provides insights into how the clinical feasibility and important regulatory concerns may influence the design of the bioink (biomaterials, cell sources), fabrication and post-fabrication processes associated with bioprinting of the cardiac patches. This paper emphasizes that cardiac patch bioprinting requires extensive collaborations from imaging and 3D modelling technical experts, biomaterial scientists, additive manufacturing experts and healthcare professionals. Further, the work can also guide the field of cardiac patch bioprinting moving forward, by shedding light on the potential use of robotics and automation to increase productivity, reduce financial cost, and enable standardization and true commercialization of bioprinted cardiac patches.
650 1 4 _aMYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
650 1 4 _aBIOPRINTING
650 1 4 _aCARDIAC PATCH
650 1 4 _aBIOMATERIALS
650 1 4 _aMICROENVIRONMENTAL CUES
700 1 2 _aZhang, X.
700 1 2 _aZhao, G.
700 1 2 _aMa, T.
700 1 2 _aSimmons, C. A.
700 1 2 _aSanterre, P.
856 4 0 _uhttps://drive.google.com/file/d/1MuHiHslU8yTJYVmAdavr6oIn2RBN4Fne/view?usp=drive_link
_zPara ver el documento ingresa a Google con tu cuenta: @cicy.edu.mx
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